Interação molecular entre o dendrímero de poli(amidoamina) e o bioativo resveratrol: um estudo teórico para aplicações tópicas e transdérmicas

Abstract

Resveratrol (RSV) is a bioactive compound widely studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and chemoprotective properties. However, it presents characteristics such as low water solubility, stability and topical permeation, which represent challenges for topical and transdermal applications. In this scenario, dendrimers emerge as an alternative to favor the permeation of the bioactive in the skin. Therefore, poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers stand out as controlled drug release systems, due to their unique physicochemical properties. This work proposes the theoretical study of the interaction between PAMAM dendrimers (neutral and protonated) and resveratrol, through computational simulations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), with the objective of evaluating the potential of this combination in optimizing the topical and transdermal delivery of resveratrol. The electronic properties of the system, such as bond distance, charge transfer, molecular orbitals, binding energy, electron density and hybridization, were applied. The results revealed that both complexes, PAMAM-RSV dendrimer, presented band gap values of 3.92 eV, decreasing greater reactivity compared to isolated molecules. In addition, there is a small electron displacement without the formation of complete covalent bonds. The protonation of the complex positively affected the applied partnerships, promoting a reduction of 0.37 Å in the bond distance between the amine and hydroxyl, decreasing more beneficial intermolecular interactions. In addition, the binding energy was significantly more stable and spontaneous in the protonated complex (-0.89 eV), compared to the neutral one (-0.55 eV). These results suggest that the protonated PAMAM-RSV complex has advantages that can be explored in the development of topical and transdermal formulations. Finally, it is worth mentioning that the present study provides a relevant theoretical basis for quantum physics and for scientific and technological advances in the area of drug delivery.