Efeito antibacteriano de têxteis funcionais com eugenol estabilizado em sílica mesoporosa MCM-41

Abstract

Due to constant exposure and proximity to the human body, textile materials become susceptible to the adhesion and treatment of microorganisms, which can cause unpleasant odors, discomfort, and, in more severe cases, infections. In this context, the development of fabrics with antimicrobial properties has become prominent for everyday and specialized applications. This work proposes the development of a functional system based on MCM-41 mesoporous silica nanoparticles, synthesized and functionalized with eugenol, a phenolic compound with recognized antimicrobial activity. The system was applied to cotton fabrics using the pad-dry-cure method. The samples were described using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the antibacterial activity was evaluated based on a protocol adapted from the ASTM E2149 standard, using Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria as models. The results demonstrated significant antibacterial activity of the system in liquid medium, with greater efficacy against K. pneumoniae. However, application to the textile substrate did not show superior performance, necessitating adjustments to the formulation and finishing process. This study contributes to the advancement of more sustainable and efficient solutions in the development of functional thermal finishes with controlled release of bioactive compounds.